The Thirty Years' War - ترجمة إلى الروسية
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  2. قاموس إنجليزي روسي
  3. The Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War - ترجمة إلى الروسية

WAR PRINCIPALLY FOUGHT IN CENTRAL EUROPE FROM 1618 TO 1648
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  • [[Albrecht von Wallenstein]] achieved great military success for the Empire but his power threatened both Ferdinand and the German princes
  • Siege of Stralsund]], 13 May to 4 August 1628
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  • Spain]]
  • [[Cardinal Richelieu]], who directed French foreign policy from 1624 until his death in 1642
  • Siege and capture of [[Casale Monferrato]] by French troops, 1630
  • Europe after the Peace of Westphalia, 1648
  • "Winter's King", [[Frederick V of the Palatinate]], whose acceptance of the Bohemian Crown sparked the conflict
  • [[Holy Roman Empire]] after the Peace of Westphalia, 1648
  • [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria]] whose seizure of the Palatinate expanded the war
  • The [[Iberian Union]]; Spain's inability to protect Portuguese interests in the 1602 to 1663 [[Dutch–Portuguese War]] was a key factor in the 1640 [[Portuguese Restoration War]]
  • Swedish sovereignty over [[Western Pomerania]] (in blue) was confirmed in 1653
  • The [[Sack of Magdeburg]] in 1631. Of the 25,000 citizens, only 5,000 survived.
  • Contemporary painting showing the [[Battle of White Mountain]] (1620), where Imperial-Spanish forces under [[Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly]] won a decisive victory.
  • Siege of Prague]] in 1648
  • Battle of Breitenfeld]] in 1631.
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  • Soldiers plundering a farm
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  • Spain]] and the [[Dutch Republic]], 30 January 1648.

The Thirty Years' War      
[ист.] Тридцатилетняя война (1618-1648 гг.)
the Thirty Years' War      
[ист.] Тридцатилетняя война
the Hundred Years' War         
  • France in 1388, just before signing a truce. English territories are shown in red, French royal territories are dark blue, papal territories are orange, and French vassals have the other colours.
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  • [[Assassination of Louis I, Duke of Orléans]] in Paris in 1407
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  • Fifteenth-century miniature depicting the [[Battle of Agincourt]] of 1415
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  • Black Monday]] (1360), hailstorms and lightning ravage the English army at Chartres
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  • The spread of the [[Black Death]] (with modern borders)
  • Charles "the Victorious"]] by [[Jean Fouquet]]. [[Louvre]], Paris.
  • Duke of Clarence]], leading to his death at the [[Battle of Baugé]]
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  • [[Joan of Arc]] (picture 1429)
  • [[Battle of Crécy]], 1346, from the [[Grandes Chroniques de France]]. [[British Library]], London
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  • Statue of [[Bertrand du Guesclin]] in [[Dinan]]
  • [[Edward III]] counting the dead on the battlefield of Crécy
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  • England and Guyenne/Gascony as of 1330}}
  • Homage of [[Edward I of England]] (kneeling) to [[Philip IV of France]] (seated), 1286. As [[Duke of Aquitaine]], Edward was also a vassal to the French King (illumination by [[Jean Fouquet]] from the ''[[Grandes Chroniques de France]]'' in the [[Bibliothèque Nationale de France]], Paris).
  • Animated map showing progress of the war (territorial changes and the most important battles between 1337 and 1453).
  • France at the [[Treaty of Brétigny]], English holdings in light red
  • Burgundian territories (orange/yellow) and limits of France (red) after the Burgundian War
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  • Tovar]], managed to raid the English coasts for the first time since the beginning of the Hundred Years' War.
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  • Siege of Orléans]] in 1429. From ''Les Vigiles de Charles VII'', [[Bibliothèque nationale de France]], Paris.
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  • The [[Battle of Formigny]] (1450)
SERIES OF CONFLICTS AND WARS BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE BETWEEN 1337 AND 1453
Hundred years war; Hundred Years' war; Hundred Years war; 100 Years War; Hundred Year's War; Hundred year war; 100 years war; Hundred Years’ War, Phase One; 100 Years' War; The Hundred Years War; Hundred Sixteen Years' War; 116 Years' War; 116 Years War; 116 years war; The Hundred Year War; The Hundred Years' War; One Hundred Years' War; One Hundred Years War; Houndred Year's War; Hundred years' war; 100 Year's War; 100 Year War; Hundred Year War; 1oo years war; The Hundred Year's War; HUndred Years War; Hundred Years War; 116 year war; Hundred Years’ War; Hundred Years Wars; English Occupation of France; Anglo-French War (1337-1453); Edwardian Wars; Hundred Years' War (1337-1453); Hundred Years' War (1337–1453); La guerre de Cent Ans
[ист.] Столетняя война

تعريف

Эдуард Исповедник
(Edward the Confessor)

(ок. 1003, Айслип, Оксфордшир,-5.1.1066, Лондон), англосаксонский король с 1042. Был избран на престол на совете знати, стремившейся восстановить в его лице древнюю англосаксонскую династию и ликвидировать датское господство в стране. Э. И., долго живший на континенте, прибыл в Англию в сопровождении многочисленной свиты нормандских феодалов, которые вскоре заняли ключевые позиции при дворе. Недовольство засильем нормандцев вылилось в 1051 в восстание, которое возглавил тесть Э. И. Годвин Уэссексский; восставшие добились изгнания нормандцев из Англии. Управление государством фактически перешло к Годвину (ум. 1053) и его сыну Гарольду, которому Э. И. завещал престол.
إظهار المزيد من التعريفات

ويكيبيديا

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in European history, lasting from 1618 to 1648. Fought primarily in Central Europe, an estimated 4.5 to 8 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of battle, famine, and disease, while some areas of what is now modern Germany experienced population declines of over 50%. Related conflicts include the Eighty Years' War, the War of the Mantuan Succession, the Franco-Spanish War, the Dutch-Portuguese War and the Portuguese Restoration War.

Until the 20th century, historians generally viewed the war as a continuation of the religious struggle initiated by the 16th-century Reformation within the Holy Roman Empire. The 1555 Peace of Augsburg attempted to resolve this by dividing the Empire into Lutheran and Catholic states, but over the next 50 years the expansion of Protestantism beyond these boundaries destabilised the settlement. While most modern commentators accept that differences over religion and Imperial authority were important factors in causing the war, they argue its scope and extent were driven by the contest for European dominance between Habsburg-ruled Spain and Austria, and the French House of Bourbon.

Its outbreak is generally traced to 1618, when Emperor Ferdinand II was deposed as king of Bohemia and replaced by the Protestant Frederick V of the Palatinate. Although Imperial forces quickly suppressed the Bohemian Revolt, his participation expanded the fighting into the Palatinate, whose strategic importance drew in the Dutch Republic and Spain, then engaged in the Eighty Years' War. Since rulers like Christian IV of Denmark and Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden also held territories within the Empire, this gave them and other foreign powers an excuse to intervene, turning an internal dynastic dispute into a broader European conflict.

The first phase from 1618 until 1635 was primarily a civil war between German members of the Holy Roman Empire, with support from external powers. After 1635, the Empire became one theatre in a wider struggle between France, supported by Sweden, and Emperor Ferdinand III, allied with Spain. This concluded with the 1648 Peace of Westphalia, whose provisions included greater autonomy within the Empire for states like Bavaria and Saxony, as well as acceptance of Dutch independence by Spain. By weakening the Habsburgs relative to France, the conflict altered the European balance of power and set the stage for the wars of Louis XIV.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirty Years' War
أمثلة من مجموعة نصية لـ٪ 1
1. At no time in the thirty years war has there been hatred between the people.
2. I tried to get as much as possible advantages out of that situation.‘ She read about the Thirty Years War.
3. Millions of people perished in the Thirty Years War between Catholics and Protestants in the 17th century.
4. Over the centuries the same ground would be strewn with the gore of the Hundred Years War, the Thirty Years War, the Napoleonic wars, the Franco–Prussian War, World War I and World War II.
5. That treaty, which brought to an end the Thirty Years war and inaugurated the modern European state system, also concluded that one state should only take up arms against another and intervene in its affairs if it were itself to be attacked by that state.
What is the الروسية for The Thirty Years' War? Translation of &#39The Thirty Years' War&#39 to الروس
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